Red legged grasshopper

Red legged grasshopper, Melanoplus femur-rubrum (De Geer) feeds on many fruit trees in northern United states.such as Newyork,newjersey.

Red legged grasshopper Adults are yellow, greenish or grayish yellow with black markings, especially chevrons on the outer side of femur. They are 1-1/8 to 1-3/4 inches long. Nymphs are recognized by their spots, stripes, and colors. The eyes have light tan spots. A pale yellow, horizontal stripe begins behind the head on the first segment; a black stripe is visible in the center of the hind femur.

Redlegged grasshopper feeds on a wide variety of forbs and on several kinds of grasses. Depending on availability of host plants in the habitat, it may be either forbivorous or a mixed feeder ingesting significant amounts of both forbs and grasses. Known host plants consist of legumes composites and grasses .

Life Cycle:Redlegged grasshoppers mate in late summer, females lay eggs in the ground in masses with a gummy coating that hardens and binds them together. The coating protects the eggs from cold during the winter. Eggs hatch in May and June. Nymphs develop through five or six instars, during which they shed their skins, and mature in summer or fall, about 40 days after hatching. Adults continue to feed and lay eggs until they are killed by cold weather. Only adults can fly.

Damage: Redlegged grasshoppers are among the most troublesome species in forages. The differential and redlegged species are sporadically of economic concern in North Carolina forages, but the problem is not an annual concern. As a group, grasshoppers cause more damage to alfalfa than any other insect in the Midwest. Each year they destroy at least 80 million dollars worth of forage crops in this country. An infestation of 7 or 8 adult grasshoppers per square meter ) consumes as much forage on a 4-hectare (about 10 acres) lot as one cow. Damage is most severe when hot, dry weather slows the growth of the forage crop thereby preventing a rapid recovery.

Control: Grasshoppers have many natural enemies that play an important part in keeping them in check. Eggs are destroyed by some species of pediculid mites, parasitic wasps and flies, and the larvae of many predatory insects.Nymphs and adults are preyed upon by wasps, ground beetles and robber flies. Some parasitoids, such as hairworms and tachinid and flesh flies attack nymphs and adults. Diseases can also keep populations down.

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